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/*
 * @test
 * @summary Test that a virtual thread waiting to enter/reenter a monitor, while pinning
 *   its carrier, will retry until it enters the monitor. This avoids starvation when the
 *   monitor is exited, an unmounted thread is the chosen successor, and the successor
 *   can't continue because there are no carriers available.
 * @modules java.base/java.lang:+open
 * @library /test/lib
 * @run junit/othervm/native/timeout=480 --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED RetryMonitorEnterWhenPinned
 */

import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import jdk.test.lib.thread.VThreadPinner;
import jdk.test.lib.thread.VThreadRunner;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.RepeatedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;

public class RetryMonitorEnterWhenPinned {

    @BeforeAll
    static void setup() {
        // need >=2 carriers for testing pinning when main thread is a virtual thread
        VThreadRunner.ensureParallelism(2);
    }

    @RepeatedTest(10)
    void testMonitorEnter() throws Exception {
        var threads = new ArrayList<Thread>();

        Object lock = new Object();
        synchronized (lock) {

            // start virtual threads that block on monitorenter
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
                Thread thread = Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> {
                    started.countDown();
                    synchronized (lock) {
                        spin(20);
                    }
                });

                // wait for thread to start and block
                started.await();
                await(thread, Thread.State.BLOCKED);
                threads.add(thread);
            }

            // start virtual threads that block on monitorenter while pinned
            int carriersAvailable = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
            if (Thread.currentThread().isVirtual()) {
                carriersAvailable--;
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
                Thread thread = Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> {
                    started.countDown();
                    VThreadPinner.runPinned(() -> {
                        synchronized (lock) {
                            spin(20);
                        }
                    });
                });

                // if there are carriers available when wait until the thread blocks.
                if (carriersAvailable > 0) {
                    System.out.printf("%s waiting for thread #%d to block%n",
                            Instant.now(), thread.threadId());
                    started.await();
                    await(thread, Thread.State.BLOCKED);
                    carriersAvailable--;
                }
                threads.add(thread);
            }

        } // exit monitor

        // wait for all threads to terminate
        int threadsRemaining = threads.size();
        while (threadsRemaining > 0) {
            System.out.printf("%s waiting for %d threads to terminate%n",
                    Instant.now(), threadsRemaining);
            int terminated = 0;
            for (Thread t : threads) {
                if (t.join(Duration.ofSeconds(1))) {
                    terminated++;
                }
            }
            threadsRemaining = threads.size() - terminated;
        }
        System.out.printf("%s done%n", Instant.now());
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 30000, Integer.MAX_VALUE })
    void testMonitorReenter(int timeout) throws Exception {
        var threads = new ArrayList<Thread>();

        Object lock = new Object();

        // start virtual threads that wait on Object.wait
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
            Thread thread = Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> {
                try {
                    synchronized (lock) {
                        started.countDown();
                        if (timeout > 0) {
                            lock.wait(timeout);
                        } else {
                            lock.wait();
                        }
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
            });

            // wait for thread to start and wait
            started.await();
            await(thread, timeout > 0 ? Thread.State.TIMED_WAITING : Thread.State.WAITING);
            threads.add(thread);
        }

        // start virtual threads that wait on Object.wait while pinnned
        int carriersAvailable = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
        if (Thread.currentThread().isVirtual()) {
            carriersAvailable--;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            var started = new CountDownLatch(1);
            boolean hasCarrier = carriersAvailable > 0;
            Thread thread = Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> {
                VThreadPinner.runPinned(() -> {
                    try {
                        synchronized (lock) {
                            started.countDown();
                            if (!hasCarrier) {
                                // This thread will run at the very
                                // end and won't be notified.
                                lock.wait(1);
                            } else if (timeout > 0) {
                                lock.wait(timeout);
                            } else {
                                lock.wait();
                            }
                        }
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
                });
            });

            // if there are carriers available when wait until the thread blocks.
            if (hasCarrier) {
                System.out.printf("%s waiting for thread #%d to block%n",
                        Instant.now(), thread.threadId());
                started.await();
                await(thread, timeout > 0 ? Thread.State.TIMED_WAITING : Thread.State.WAITING);
                carriersAvailable--;
            }
            threads.add(thread);
        }

        // wakeup all threads
        synchronized (lock) {
            lock.notifyAll();
        }

        // wait for all threads to terminate
        int threadsRemaining = threads.size();
        while (threadsRemaining > 0) {
            System.out.printf("%s waiting for %d threads to terminate%n",
                    Instant.now(), threadsRemaining);
            int terminated = 0;
            for (Thread t : threads) {
                if (t.join(Duration.ofSeconds(1))) {
                    terminated++;
                }
            }
            threadsRemaining = threads.size() - terminated;
        }
        System.out.printf("%s done%n", Instant.now());
    }

    /**
     * Spin for the given number of milliseconds.
     */
    static void spin(long millis) {
        long nanos = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(millis);
        long start = System.nanoTime();
        while ((System.nanoTime() - start) < nanos) {
            Thread.onSpinWait();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Wait for a thread to reach the expected state.
     */
    static void await(Thread thread, Thread.State expectedState) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
        while (state != expectedState) {
            assert state != Thread.State.TERMINATED : "Thread has terminated";
            Thread.sleep(10);
            state = thread.getState();
        }
    }
}