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 * Copyright (c) 2021, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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package jdk.internal.net.http.qpack.readers;

import jdk.internal.net.http.http3.Http3Error;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;

import static java.lang.String.format;

/**
 * This class able to decode integers up to and including 62 bits long values.
 * https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9204.html#name-prefixed-integers
 */
public final class IntegerReader {

    private static final int NEW             = 0;
    private static final int CONFIGURED      = 1;
    private static final int FIRST_BYTE_READ = 2;
    private static final int DONE            = 4;

    private int state = NEW;

    private int N;
    private long maxValue;
    private long value;
    private long r;
    private long b = 1;
    private final ReaderError readError;

    public IntegerReader(ReaderError readError) {
        this.readError = readError;
    }

    public IntegerReader() {
        this(new ReaderError(Http3Error.H3_INTERNAL_ERROR, true));
    }

    // "QPACK implementations MUST be able to decode integers up to and including 62 bits long."
    //  https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9204.html#name-prefixed-integers
    public static final long QPACK_MAX_INTEGER_VALUE = (1L << 62) - 1;

    public IntegerReader configure(int N) {
        return configure(N, QPACK_MAX_INTEGER_VALUE);
    }

    //
    // Why is it important to configure 'maxValue' here. After all we can wait
    // for the integer to be fully read and then check it. Can't we?
    //
    // Two reasons.
    //
    // 1. Value wraps around long won't be unnoticed.
    // 2. It can spit out an exception as soon as it becomes clear there's
    // an overflow. Therefore, no need to wait for the value to be fully read.
    //
    public IntegerReader configure(int N, long maxValue) {
        if (state != NEW) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Already configured");
        }
        checkPrefix(N);
        if (maxValue < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "maxValue >= 0: maxValue=" + maxValue);
        }
        this.maxValue = maxValue;
        this.N = N;
        state = CONFIGURED;
        return this;
    }

    public boolean read(ByteBuffer input) {
        if (state == NEW) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Configure first");
        }
        if (state == DONE) {
            return true;
        }
        if (!input.hasRemaining()) {
            return false;
        }
        if (state == CONFIGURED) {
            int max = (2 << (N - 1)) - 1;
            int n = input.get() & max;
            if (n != max) {
                value = n;
                state = DONE;
                return true;
            } else {
                r = max;
            }
            state = FIRST_BYTE_READ;
        }
        if (state == FIRST_BYTE_READ) {
            try {
                // variable-length quantity (VLQ)
                byte i;
                boolean continuationFlag;
                do {
                    if (!input.hasRemaining()) {
                        return false;
                    }
                    i = input.get();
                    // RFC 7541: 5.1. Integer Representation
                    // "The most significant bit of each octet is used
                    // as a continuation flag: its value is set to 1 except
                    // for the last octet in the list"
                    continuationFlag = (i & 0b10000000) != 0;
                    long increment = Math.multiplyExact(b, i & 127);
                    if (continuationFlag) {
                        b = Math.multiplyExact(b, 128);
                    }
                    if (r > maxValue - increment) {
                        throw readError.toQPackException(
                                new IOException(format(
                                        "Integer overflow: maxValue=%,d, value=%,d",
                                        maxValue, r + increment)));
                    }
                    r += increment;
                } while (continuationFlag);
                value = r;
                state = DONE;
                return true;
            } catch (ArithmeticException arithmeticException) {
                // Sequence of bytes encodes value greater
                // than QPACK_MAX_INTEGER_VALUE
                throw readError.toQPackException(new IOException("Integer overflow",
                                         arithmeticException));
            }
        }
        throw new InternalError(Arrays.toString(
                new Object[]{state, N, maxValue, value, r, b}));
    }

    public long get() throws IllegalStateException {
        if (state != DONE) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Has not been fully read yet");
        }
        return value;
    }

    private static void checkPrefix(int N) {
        if (N < 1 || N > 8) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("1 <= N <= 8: N= " + N);
        }
    }

    public IntegerReader reset() {
        b = 1;
        state = NEW;
        return this;
    }
}